What is the primary goal of calculating probabilities using the rules of probability?

The primary goal of calculating probabilities using the rules of probability is to predict uncertain outcomes and plan accordingly. Probability provides a mathematical framework for quantifying uncertainty, enabling analysts to estimate the likelihood of various events occurring. This predictive capability is essential in many fields, including quality control, risk management, and decision-making processes, where understanding the chances of different outcomes can guide strategies and actions.

By analyzing probabilities, individuals and organizations can make informed decisions under uncertainty, allocate resources effectively, and prepare for potential risks and opportunities. The focus on predicting outcomes is foundational in statistical modeling and analysis, which rely on probability as a means to understand variability and randomness in data.

The other options relate to aspects that, while important in their own contexts, do not directly capture the essence of why probabilities are calculated. For instance, determining the speed of events is not a focus of probability calculations, nor is establishing work schedules, which revolves more around resource management. Finding the direct cause of failures is more aligned with root cause analysis rather than the predictive nature of probability.